背景
现在需要将一个导出列表数据到Excel表格的功能进行改造,将指定列相同数据自动合并单元格。
如上图所示,指定A、B两列自动合并,如图所示(6、7),(8、9),(13、14、15)要自动合并单元格。
EasyExcel 介绍
EasyExcel是一个基于Java的、快速、简洁、解决大文件内存溢出的Excel处理工具。他能让你在不用考虑性能、内存的等因素的情况下,快速完成Excel的读、写等功能。
EasyExcel相比其他Excel解析框架(Apache poi和jxl),拥有更好的内存消耗管理算法。特别是对07版Excel的解决,EasyExcel重写了底层解析逻辑,一个3M的Excel解析只需要几M内存,但是用poi解析可能需要100M左右的内存。EasyExcel提高了读取性能,64M内存20秒读取75M的Excel,还有更快的极速模式,但是消耗的内存会更多一些。
EasyExcel支持自定义策略合并单元格,可以方便快捷填充数据到模板中,有活跃的中文社区支持,完善的测试用例可以覆盖大部分业务场景的使用。
合并单元格案例讲解
使用EasyExcel导出Excel代码示例:
@Test
public void testWrite() throws IOException {
List<DemoMergeData> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(1).sub("张胜男").date("12").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(1).sub("李四").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(3).sub("王五").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(4).sub("赵柳").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(5).sub("赵柳").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(5).sub("赵柳").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(8).sub("赵柳").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(8).sub("赵柳").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(9).sub("陈琪").date("224").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(10).sub("小白").date("241").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(11).sub("小黑").date("241").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(12).sub("小黑").date("241").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(12).sub("小黑").date("241").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(12).sub("小黑").date("241").build());
resultList.add(DemoMergeData.builder().id(13).sub("小黑").date("241").build());
// 设置文件名称
String fileName = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Downloads\\test\\t1.xlsx";
File file = new File(fileName);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.createNewFile();
}
// sheet名称
EasyExcel.write(fileName, DemoMergeData.class)
.autoCloseStream(Boolean.TRUE)
.sheet("测试导出").doWrite(resultList);
}
导出表格样式:
自定义策略一:上下行数据相同合并单元格
自定义策略一代码示例:
public class ExcelFillCellMergeStrategy implements CellWriteHandler {
private int[] mergeColumnIndex;
private int mergeRowIndex;
public ExcelFillCellMergeStrategy() {
}
public ExcelFillCellMergeStrategy(int mergeRowIndex, int[] mergeColumnIndex) {
this.mergeRowIndex = mergeRowIndex;
this.mergeColumnIndex = mergeColumnIndex;
}
@Override
public void afterCellDispose(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, WriteTableHolder writeTableHolder, List<CellData> list, Cell cell, Head head, Integer integer, Boolean aBoolean) {
//当前行
int curRowIndex = cell.getRowIndex();
//当前列
int curColIndex = cell.getColumnIndex();
if (curRowIndex > mergeRowIndex) {
for (int columnIndex : mergeColumnIndex) {
if (curColIndex == columnIndex) {
mergeWithPrevRow(writeSheetHolder, cell, curRowIndex, curColIndex);
break;
}
}
}
}
/**
* 当前单元格向上合并
*
* @param cell 当前单元格
* @param curRowIndex 当前行
* @param curColIndex 当前列
*/
private void mergeWithPrevRow(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, Cell cell, int curRowIndex, int curColIndex) {
//获取当前行的当前列的数据和上一行的当前列列数据,通过上一行数据是否相同进行合并
Object curData = cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING ? cell.getStringCellValue() : cell.getNumericCellValue();
Cell preCell = cell.getSheet().getRow(curRowIndex - 1).getCell(curColIndex);
Object preData = preCell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING ? preCell.getStringCellValue() : preCell.getNumericCellValue();
// 比较当前行的第一列的单元格与上一行是否相同,相同合并当前单元格与上一行
if (curData.equals(preData)) {
Sheet sheet = writeSheetHolder.getSheet();
List<CellRangeAddress> mergeRegions = sheet.getMergedRegions();
boolean isMerged = false;
for (int i = 0; i < mergeRegions.size() && !isMerged; i++) {
CellRangeAddress cellRangeAddr = mergeRegions.get(i);
// 若上一个单元格已经被合并,则先移出原有的合并单元,再重新添加合并单元
if (cellRangeAddr.isInRange(curRowIndex - 1, curColIndex)) {
sheet.removeMergedRegion(i);
cellRangeAddr.setLastRow(curRowIndex);
sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRangeAddr);
isMerged = true;
}
}
// 若上一个单元格未被合并,则新增合并单元
if (!isMerged) {
CellRangeAddress cellRangeAddress = new CellRangeAddress(curRowIndex - 1, curRowIndex, curColIndex, curColIndex);
sheet.addMergedRegion(cellRangeAddress);
}
}
}
@Override
public void beforeCellCreate(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, WriteTableHolder writeTableHolder, Row row, Head head, Integer integer, Integer integer1, Boolean aBoolean) {
}
@Override
public void afterCellCreate(WriteSheetHolder writeSheetHolder, WriteTableHolder writeTableHolder, Cell cell, Head head, Integer integer, Boolean aBoolean) {
}
}
测试代码示例:
@Test
public void testWrite() throws IOException {
int[] mergeColumnIndex = {0,1};
// 需要从第几行开始合并
int mergeRowIndex = 1;
// 数据就不初始化了
List<DemoMergeData> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
// 设置文件名称
String fileName = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Downloads\\test\\t1.xlsx";
File file = new File(fileName);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.createNewFile();
}
// sheet名称
EasyExcel.write(fileName, DemoMergeData.class)
.autoCloseStream(Boolean.TRUE)
.registerWriteHandler(new ExcelFillCellMergeStrategy(mergeRowIndex,mergeColumnIndex))
.sheet("测试导出").doWrite(resultList);
}
导出样式:
自定义策略二:指定列数据都相同才合并单元格
自定义策略二代码示例:
public class MultiColumnMergeStrategy extends AbstractMergeStrategy {
// 合并的列编号,从0开始,指定的index或自己按字段顺序数
private Integer startCellIndex = 0;
private Integer endCellIndex = 0;
// 数据集大小,用于区别结束行位置
private Integer maxRow = 0;
// 禁止无参声明
private MultiColumnMergeStrategy() {
}
public MultiColumnMergeStrategy(Integer maxRow, Integer startCellIndex, Integer endCellIndex) {
this.startCellIndex = startCellIndex;
this.endCellIndex = endCellIndex;
this.maxRow = maxRow;
}
// 记录上一次合并的信息
private final List<List<String>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
/**
* 每行每列都会进入,循环注意条件限制
*/
@Override
protected void merge(Sheet sheet, Cell cell, Head head, int relativeRowIndex) {
int currentCellIndex = cell.getColumnIndex();
int currentRowIndex = cell.getRowIndex();
// 判断该列是否需要合并
if (currentCellIndex < startCellIndex || currentCellIndex > endCellIndex) {
return;
}
Object curData = cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING ? cell.getStringCellValue() : cell.getNumericCellValue();
String currentCellValue = curData.toString();
List<String> rowList;
if (dataList.size() > currentRowIndex - 1) {
rowList = dataList.get(currentRowIndex - 1);
} else {
rowList = new ArrayList<>();
dataList.add(rowList);
}
rowList.add(currentCellValue);
// 结束的位置触发下最后一次没完成的合并
if (relativeRowIndex == (maxRow - 1) && currentCellIndex == endCellIndex) {
System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(dataList));
List<String> tempList = null;
Integer tempIndex = null;
for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {
if (tempList == null) {
tempList = dataList.get(i);
tempIndex = i;
continue;
}
List<String> currList = dataList.get(i);
if (tempList.equals(currList)) {
if (i >= dataList.size() - 1) {
// 结束的位置触发下最后一次没完成的合并
for (int j = 0; j < tempList.size(); j++) {
sheet.addMergedRegionUnsafe(new CellRangeAddress(tempIndex + 1, i + 1, startCellIndex + j, startCellIndex + j));
}
}
continue;
}
// 当前行数据和上一行数据不同且上面有多行相同数据时触发合并
if (i - tempIndex > 1) {
for (int j = 0; j < tempList.size(); j++) {
sheet.addMergedRegionUnsafe(new CellRangeAddress(tempIndex + 1, i, startCellIndex + j, startCellIndex + j));
}
}
tempIndex = i;
tempList = currList;
}
}
}
}
测试代码示例:
@Test
public void testWrite() throws IOException {
// 数据就不初始化了
List<DemoMergeData> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
// 设置文件名称
String fileName = "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Downloads\\test\\t1.xlsx";
File file = new File(fileName);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.createNewFile();
}
// sheet名称
EasyExcel.write(fileName, DemoMergeData.class)
.autoCloseStream(Boolean.TRUE)
.registerWriteHandler(new MultiColumnMergeStrategy(resultList.size(),0,1))
.sheet("测试导出").doWrite(resultList);
}
导出样式:
总结
EasyExcel功能灵活强大,可以根据自身业务场景去自定义样式,也可以使用通过模板填充功能实现导出国际化语言等复杂功能。